Joseph Albanian
(University Student)
The principle of the rule of law requires that the state is always bound to act and comply with applicable law.
Therefore, the State, shall submit himself to the observance of rules of law, and this is through a written constitution.
In history, the birth of the rule of law is the end of absolutism, and involves the affirmation of the bourgeoisie in the eighteenth and nineteenth century.
In fact, in theory, the proclamation of the rule of law is explicit as opposed allo Stato assoluto in cui i titolari dei poteri erano “absoluti” , ossia svincolati da qualsivoglia potere ad essi superiore.
Oggi sembra essere tornato l’assolutismo in Italia: la legge non è più uguale per tutti ... il “potere” , in senso lato, è tornato ad essere “absoluto” ... il Parlamento è divenuto uno strumento in mano all’Esecutivo, e le disposizioni normative hanno da tempo perso i caratteri illuministici della brevità e della chiarezza, divenendo negli anni un marasma indecifrabile, quasi degli statuti cinquecenteschi, che fanno la fortuna dei moderni “azzeccagarbugli” .
Il potere giudiziario è in balia delle onde: è rimasto l’ultimo orgoglioso tutore e baluardo della legalità, in un quadro di disgustoso disordine istituzionale, ma è costantemente controllato a vista e vilipeso da un esecutivo che minaccia di operare nei suoi riguardi riforme ai limiti della costituzionalità.
E’ altresì dilaniato da contraddizioni interne, da infiltrazioni nocive eterogenee ad esso, per contrastare le quali, aimè (non me ne vorrà il Capo dello Stato) non gode dei necessari anticorpi.
Questo disordine di equilibri, di ruoli e di fonti ha condotto alla “diseducazione civica” della società italiana; è stata unstoppable and made us all less responsible, active and interested, and therefore more difficult plight "manageable" : the city has again become a subject.
naturally arises at this point to mention the bitter but lucid discussion of a famous judge, Piercamillo Davigo, who photographs so embarrassing the Italian situation: "This is a country replete with an infinity of rules breach of which is usually tolerated. A serious country is a country where there are few rules rigorously adhered without respect. This is the difference between the subject and the citizen: the subject is a person to whom obligations are imposed infinite and endless prohibitions; normally that allows them to make mulch, but if he raises his head and right he is asked on behalf of all the violations committed at that time. The citizen is a man to whom obligations are imposed very few, very few prohibitions for the violation of which there is no forgiveness, there are the building amnesty, the tax amnesty, amnesty, a pardon: there is a penalty. But, met those obligations, is a free man and no one can bother him ".
While the public is civis , who participates in the public life of the community and as such is entitled to rights and subject to the decisions, who is the subject of decisions is only one object.
Italian citizen, today, has again become the subject of decisions, constantly brought up by those who want to legitimize criticism with no possibility of replication and its power: "the voters have decided" , "the Italian people chose ", as if the will and the mood of the people were the only valid element to legitimize the political leadership of a State, or to make someone legally irresponsible.
Article 1 of the Constitution states that no doubt "Sovereignty belongs to the people" , but adds that it must exercise "in the forms and limits of Constitution ", showing clearly the principles and limits its rule of law.
were the absolute monarchs and dictators in recent times, which legitimized their power in the name of the People: precisely by means of this "superior authorization" were making the worst crimes, trampling the rights of the people demagogically exalted, justifying their actions with an ideal consensus that was really fear, ignorance, lack of brakes and institutional constraints that curb their political action, the limits now represented by its own constitution.
Yes, the Constitution ... daily offense and worked around, threatened by an ever more pronounced authoritarian tendencies.
Now I know what you're thinking: everything read, heard everything ... In fact, "Italy has arisen," , Italians do not.
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